The third focus of the "Subsurface: a Common Good" PEPR concerns the environmental impact of subsurface use, the "politicisation" of the subsurface and the associated legal aspects. It groups together 3 targeted projects.

The LCA-SUB project aims to improve the methods and data used in life-cycle analyses in order to assess the potential environmental impact of different uses of the subsurface in France. It will seek to develop environmental assessment methods and apply them to case studies associated with the exploitation of mineral resources, geothermal energy and CO2 storage. 

The VERTIQUAL project aims to examine how the uses of the French subsurface are today being redefined and politicised in the light of climate change and to describe the processes involved. It will provide a map of the different stakeholders involved in the issues of subsurface resources in France, along with their different viewpoints, in order to have a clearer appreciation of any potential conflicts and the reasons behind them, and a better understanding of the dynamics involved in the repositioning of the various stakeholders involved. In conjunction with the ANTICIP and JPEC projects, it will seek to produce a collective manifesto concerning the implications of considering the subsurface as a common good. 

The JPEC will study how changes in mining law can be used as a means to promote energy transition and sustainability at European and international level. It will analyse the legal frameworks relating to the specific nature of the subsurface, its uses and its resources, and the issues of responsibility and sustainability in the field of mining activities. It will provide an insight into the various issues of governance, standards, planning and litigation in the field of mines, as well as the challenges of reconciling European Union law and French law.